Dr Lucky Raman

Yocum’s Test
Purpose
The Yocum’s Test is used to examine the possibility of a shoulder rotator cuff impingement (subacromial impingement syndrome).

It is also referred to as the Yocum Maneuvre.

Technique
During the Yocum Test / Manoeuvre, the arm is forced to ADDuction and the elbow is flexed until the hand is over the contralateral shoulder. Then the patient raises the elbow without moving the shoulder. The test is considered to be positive if the patient has pain during the manoeuvre.[1]

Step 1 Ask the patient to place the hand of their affected shoulder, to the opposite shoulder (cross body ADDuction).

Step 2 The examiner will then elevate the elbow.

Step 3 If the patient experiences pain or demonstrates signs of apprehension, the test is considered positive.

Full Can Test
Online Course: Introduction to Myofascial Pain
Purpose
Supraspinatus muscle.png
The Full Can Test is used to assess the function of Supraspinatus muscle and tendon of the shoulder complex.
Technique
The patient can be seated or standing for this test, holding their arm in 90° of elevation in scapular plane (30° anterior to the frontal plane) with full external rotation of the glenohumeral joint. In this position, the patient’s thumb should be pointing up. The therapist should stabilize the shoulder while applying a downward force to the arm whilst the patient tries to resist this motion. This test is considered positive if the patient experiences pain or weakness with resistance to the shoulder complex.

Empty Can Test
Online Course: Introduction to Myofascial Pain
Purpose
The Empty Can Test is used to assess the supraspinatus muscle and supraspinatus tendon.
Technique[1]
The patient can be seated or standing for this test. The patient’s arm should be elevated to 90 degrees in the scapular plane, with the elbow extended, full internal rotation, and pronation of the forearm. This results in a thumbs-down position, as if the patient were pouring liquid out of a can. The therapist should stabilize the shoulder while applying a downwardly directed force to the arm, the patient tries to resist this motion. This test is considered positive if the patient experiences pain or weakness with resistance.

Speeds Test
Online Course: Introduction to Myofascial Pain
Purpose
Speed’s Test is used to test for superior labral tears or bicipital tendonitis.
Technique
To perform the Speed’s Test, the examiner places the patient’s arm in shoulder flexion, external rotation, full elbow extension, and forearm supination; manual resistance is then applied by the examiner in a downward direction.[1] The test is considered to be positive if pain in the bicipital tendon or bicipital groove is reproduced.

Codman’s Test
Online Course: Introduction to Myofascial Pain
Purpose
Codman’s test is typically used in the assessment of a suspected rotator cuff tear. This test is also commonly referred to as the drop-arm test or sign.
Technique
The therapist passively raises the patient’s arm to 90 degrees of abduction. The patient then lowers the arm back to neutral with the palm down. If the patient’s arm drops suddenly or experiences pain, then the test is considered positive.

Neers Test
Online Course: Introduction to Myofascial Pain
Purpose
This test is commonly used to identify possible subacromial impingement syndrome.
Technique
The examiner should stabilize the patient’s scapula with one hand, while passively flexing the arm while it is internally rotated. If the patient reports pain in this position, then the result of the test is considered to be positive.

Hawkins / Kennedy Impingement Test of the Shoulder
Online Course: Exploring the Shoulder Programme
Purpose
This test is commonly used to identify possible subacromial impingement syndrome.
Technique
The examiner places the patient’s arm shoulder in 90 degrees of shoulder flexion with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotates the arm. The test is considered to be positive if the patient experiences pain with internal rotation.

Purpose
Anterior Drawer Test of the shoulder is used to examine the Anterior shoulder instability. It can also be used on aching shoulders where the apprehension test is difficult to interpret, and it has allowed us to reliably diagnose anterior subluxations even in patients who may have a negative apprehension test. [1]

Technique
Step1. Patient in supine position.

Step2. Relax the affected shoulder by holding patients arm ( or placing hand on axilla) with therapist one hand.

Step3. Abduct the patient shoulder between the 80 and 120 degree, Forward flexed up to 20 degree, laterally rotated up to 30 degree.

Step4. Stabilize the patient scapula with the therapist opposite hand by pushing the spine of the scapula with index and middle finer. Applying counterpressure on patients coracoid process with the therapist thump.

Step5. Draws the humerus forward (anteriorly) using the hand that is holding patients arm (or placing hand on axilla).

Step6. Positive test indicates the anterior instability decided by the amount of anterior translation which is accessible comparing with the normal side.[1]

Purpose
Adson’s test is a provocative test for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome accompanied by compression of the Subclavian artery by a cervical rib or tightened anterior and middle scalene muscles.[1]
Technique
Starting Position [2]

The test can be performed with the patient in either sitting or standing with their elbow in full extension

Procedure [2]

• The arm of the standing (or seated) patient is abducted 30 degrees at the shoulder and maximally extended.

• The radial pulse is palpated and the examiner grasps the patient’s wrist.

• The patient then extends the neck and turns the head toward the symptomatic shoulder and is asked to take a deep breath and hold it.

• The quality of the radial pulse is evaluated in comparison to the pulse taken while the arm is resting at the patient’s side.

• Some clinicians have patients turn their head away from the side tested in a modified test.

Positive Test [2]

The test is positive if there is a marked decrease, or disappearance, of the radial pulse. It is important to check the patient’s radial pulse on the other arm to recognize the patient’s normal pulse.

A positive test should be compared with the non-symptomatic side.

This condition is due to inflammation involving the ulnar side of the palmar aponeurosis. There is thickening and contraction of the aponeurosis. As a result, the proximal phalanx and later the middle phalanx become flexed and cannot be straightened. The terminal phalanx remains unaffected. The ring finger anything little finger is most commonly involved.

SELF DIAGNOSABLE =Dupuytren’s contracture can cause one or more fingers to stay bent toward the palm. This can complicate everyday activities.

TREATMENT Treatment depends on severity. •using needles to break tissue that’s keeping the finger bent, enzyme injection to soften the tissue and surgery